Electric controller for explosive-engines and associated mechanisms.



0. 0. PEARSON. ELECTRIC CONTROLLER FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES AND ASSOCIATEDMECHANISMS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.17, 1908.

ungn uu Fate nted June 17,1913.

4 SKIRTS-SHEET 1.

0. 0(PEARSON.

ELEGTRIG CONTROLLER FOR BXPLOSIVE ENGINES AND ASSOCIATED MEGHANISMS.APPLICATION FILED AUG. 17, 1908.

1,064,765. Patented June 17, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1 I 42mm M 7' I 0. 0. PEARSON.

ELECTRIC CONTROLLER FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES AND ASSOGIATED'MEGHANISMSfAPPLICATION. FILED AUG. 17I 1908.

11,064,765. Patented June 17, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' QR)" V v,; 1 %Z%/ W W 0. 0. PEARSON. ELECTRIC CONTROLLER FOR EXPLOSIVEENGINES AND ASSOCIATED MECHANISMS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 17, 1908. 1,064,765.

Patented June 17, 1913.

4: SHEETSSHEET 4.

Qwi/f/vwo-aco I 93 44cm 1m 4. am 5%W CHARLES o- PEARSON, or new YORK, n.Y.

ELECTRIC CNTROLLER FOR EXILOSIVE-ENGINES AN D AS$OCIATEDMECI'IAJIETIIS":MS.

Specification of Letters Iat ent. I @atented June 1'? 1913.

A ueatian'mea Augnst17,1908. eria1ito.%e,8?3.

To all whom it may concern:

' Be it known that 1, CHARLES Or PEARSON, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of the borough of Brooklyn, in the county ofKings, in the city and State of New York,

United States of America, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Electric Controllers for Explosive-Engines andAssociated Mechanisms, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates t improvements in controllers for internal combuston engines and associated ower transmission mechanisms, and its objectis to provide an electrical system by means of which engines of thistype may be-started, stopped,- and reversed, and whereb the powergenerated by such engines may ii which may be placed in any convenientlocation. As will appear hereinafter the control of the powertransmission device may be independent of the engine control, orboth mayi be controlled together.

My invention consists in the construction and arrangement. of partswhich are described in the following specification and the novelfeatures of which will beset forth 3 in appended claims.

Referring to the drawings, Fignre 1 is a side elevation of an internalcombustion engine and associated mechanisms as used in carrying out myinvention, togetherw th certain connecting electrical circuits which areshown diagrammatically. Fig. 2 is a sectional end view on an enlargedscale of the top of one of the eng ne cylinders, showing somewhat indetail the sparking meclianism. Fig. 3 is a plan view of one of thedetails of the sparking mechanism. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sideelevation, partly in section, of the sparking mechanism. Fig. 5'

is a side elevation,.partly in section, of a throttle or regulatingvalve together with some of its connected parts. side elevation, partlyin section, showing a brake mechanism and some of the magnetic clutcheswhich are used in carryin-gout the invention. Fig. 7 is a sectional endview of the brake mechanism, the section being tflkenthrough the line 77 of Fig. (5. Figs. 8 and 9 show inside elevation, partly in section,and in end elevation a'modified formof clutch Fig. 10 is a sectionalside view of one of the clutches and its connected e transmitted todriven. mechanisms at different speeds at will by? means of a simplemanually operated switch i scribed hereinafter. The engine may be ofFig. 6 is aparts. Fig. 11 is an end view of the clutch shown in Fig. 10.Fig. 12 is a front elevation of a manually operated switch by meansvof'which the various mechanisms herein described are controlled A partof the switch 1s broken away on line XX of Fig. 13 to more clearly showits construction. Fi

g 13 is a sectionalside elevation of this switc 1.

Fig- 14: is a front elevation of apart of the switch mechanismillustrating its operation.

Figs. 15 and 16 are, respectively, front and side views of an electricswitch of special construction which .is used to control some of thecircuits. The view shown in Fig. 16 is cut oil on the section line shownin Fig. 15. Like characters of reference designate corresponding partsin all of the figures.

10 designates a base .npon which are mounted an internal combustionengine 20 and other mechanisms which will be deany preferred type orform. In the present case it isshown as a three-cylinder twocyc legasolene engine-of which 21 is the intake or supply pipe. l

22 is a pipe from the outlet or exhaust thegases of which, after passingthrough a mil-filer 23, may be led 0% to a stack or chimney, or someother desired place by a pipe 24:.

25 is a gasolene supply tank which is connected with carbureter 26, andthe latter is connected with the intake 21 of the engine through aregulating or throttle valve .30.

27. is the main shaft of engine 20.

The throttle valve is'shown somewhat in detail in Fig. 5. this figure itmay be seen that in the passage 31 between the carburetor 26 and theengine intake 21 is a piston valve .32. A compression ,spring .33 isarranged to hold this piston valve over to the let't, in which directionit has a tendency to .close the passage 31. 3 iis a connecting rodbetween the other end of the piston valve and a downwardly projectingarm of a bell-crank lever 36 and connected with the latter by a slotconnection which allows ,a certain amount of lost motion. T hebell-crank lever is pivoted to the engine frame at 37 and its other armis connected at 38 with a centrifugal governor and at 39 irvith anotherdevice which will be described ater.

The centrifugal governor 40 is mounted upon a vertical rod 41 which isdriven by the engine shaft 27 through bevel gears 42 and 80 wheel 28keyed to the engine shaft and over 46. This sleeve carries a pin 45which projects through a slot 47 in another sleeve 48. Theslot is ofsome such shape as that shown may be shifted to move the sleeve in Fig.3. The sleeve 48 carries a cam 49 which is arranged to actuate asparking mechanism such as that shown in Fig. 2 for one of the enginecylinders and is connected with a shaft 43 to which are affixed othercams 49 and 49 which actuate similar sparking mechanisms for the othercylinders. As this mechanism is well known in the art and is not a partof the present invention I will not further describe it.

50 and 51 are magnets acting upon a T- shaped lever 52 against theaction of sprin s 53, 54. The lower end of the lever 52 1s connectedby alink 55 with the upper end of the lever 46. By this means the lever 4645 back and forth on the shaft 43.

60 is an electrodynamic machine which may be mounted upon the base10-and which isfconnected with the engine shaft 27 by a sprocket chain62 running over a sprocketa similar wheel on its own shaft 61. 63 and 64designate the leads from the armature of machine will always run withthe engine. It

sometimes acts as a motor and sometimes as a enerator as will appearmore fully hereina ter.

70 is a countershaft supported by pedestals 11 and 12 which are upon thebase 10 and arranged to be positively driven from Y the engine shaft 27by means of a sprocketchain 1 running over a sprocket-wheel 29 keyed tothe engine shaft and over a similar wheel upon the shaft 70. Thesprocketwheel 29 may be an integral part of a memher 101 whlch forms afly-wheel for the engine and a part of a clutch as will appearhereinafter.

72, 74, 76 and 78 are sprocket-wheels of different sizes rigidly.mounted upon the countershaft 70 and connected by sprocketchains 73, 75,77 and 79 to'drive parts of magnetic clutches such as those shownsomewhat in detail in Fig. 6. Each of the clutches such as 80 comprisesa driving member such as 81 loosely mounted upon a' power transmissionshaft 13 and supporting a sprocket-wheel 81 which is keyed to the drivinmember and over which the sprocketchain 3 runs. The driving member isro- 'tated by countershaft 70 but as the sprocketwheel 72 is muchsmaller in diameter than is the sprocket-wheel 81, the speed will begreatl reduced through this connection.

driving and driven members which has a tendency to keep these membersapart.

89 designates a graphite pencil which may be used for lubrication ifdesired.

It is evident that when a current is sent through the coil 83- thedriven member will be magnetized thereby and this will draw the twomembers together. ranged to contact with each other near their outerperipheries so that theywill be driven together and the shaft 13 will berotated thereby from the countershaft at the speed of the sprocket-wheel81". The other clutches o crate in the same way, but as theirdriving-wheels 74, 76, and 78 are of largerdiameters, and thesprocket-wheels with which each is connected are of correspondinglysmaller diameters, the speed at whichthe shaft 13 is driven will varyaccording to the particular clutch which is engaged. r

90 is a brake pulley which is aflixed to the driven member 82 so that itwill'rotate with the latter.- 91, 91 are brake-shoes arranged to bearupon this brake-pulley. They are supported upon brake-levers 92, 92which are pivoted at 93, 93 in arms 14 projecting from the pedestal 12.I

94 designates an electromagnet or solenoid supported by the pedestal 12.It is provided with two cores 95, 95, one of which is connected with oneof the brake-levers 92 and the other with the other brake-lever. Springs96, 96 tend to push these cores apart and to apply the brake. When thebrake solenoid is energized the cores are attracted to each other andthe brake released thereby.

100 designates another clutch which is shown in Figs. 10 and 11. This issomewhat differently constructed. In this case the drivin member 101which I have already pointe out forms a fly-wheel on one side of whichis the sprocket wheel 29. The driven member 102 which is afiixed to thetransmission shaft 13-carries upon it a pair of shoes 103, 103 which arepivoted to the body portion of the driven member 102 at- 104. They areconnected at their other ends by a pair of links 105 which are connectedwith a toggle-lever 106 pivoted in the body of the They are ar-.

driven member at 107 and having a portion to press them outward intoengagement with the inner surface of the driving member 101. The sleeve108 is arranged to be moved longitudinally upon the shaft 13 by means ofa pivoted lever 108 which is'actuated in one direction by anelectromagnet 109 to actuate the clutch, andin the opposite direction bya spring 109 to release the clutch.

In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown clutches similar in construction to thatwhich I have just described, which may be used if desired, upon thetransmission shaft 13 in place of the form of clutch which I have shownin Fig. 6 and which I have above described.

110 designates a water supply pump which is actuated by an eccentric 111upon the motor shaft 27. This pump is connected by a pipe 112 with thewater jacket of the englue, and the water jacket is connected by a pipe113 with a water supply tank 114. 115 designates cooling pipesbetweenthis water supply tank and the intake of the pump 110.

The switch shown in Figs. 15 and 16 comprises a weighted arm 120 pivotedat 121 which-is actuated by a bell-crank lever 122 pivoted to the samepoint and arranged to engage with lugs 123, 123 on the arm 120. Thebell-crank lever is connected by a rod 124 with the centrifugal governormechanism at 39.

I 123", 123 are adjustable screws in the lugs 123 which are arranged toengage with a switch-arm 125. This switch arm is also pivoted at 121 andcarries contact plates 126 and 127, which are insulated from the arm andfrom each other. The contact plate 126 is arranged to bridge and connecta pair of stationary contacts 128, 128, and the contact plate 127 isarranged to bridge and connect a pair of stationary contacts 129, 129.

130 is a manually operated controlling -'switch. This comprises a handlever 131 loosely mounted upon a shaft- 132 and carries a pin 131 whichprojects through a slot 133 in an actuating arm 133 which is mountedupon shaft 132 and carries a switch arm 134 upon which are three brushes135,

13c and 137. i

138 designates a non-pcsitive stop or holding device for the hand lever131, and 139 is a similar device for the actuating arm 133 ieo pointedout later in describing the operation of the invention.

150 is a reversing switch-which comprises 7 a. plurality of coactingcontacts and-which is arranged to be actuated by electromagnets 151 and152. Above the reversing switch and actuated by these magnets is apivoted tilting lever 153 which is arranged to move a contact 154against either one of stationmy contacts 155 or 156, and a contact 157against either one or the other of stationary contacts 158 and 159 atthe same time.

160 is a storage battery which is connected withthe various. electricalapparatus above described by circuits'which I will now point out and Iwill atthe sametime describe the operation of this controlling systemwhich I have invented. Thelowerend of the battery is connected byconducetor 161 with thebrush 136, and when the operator moves this brushto the left onto a contact 1&1, a circuit is closed thereby by conductor151 through magnet 151 and conductor 162 back to the battery.'lhc'lefthand portion of the reversing switch will.

be actuated thereby and will close circuits "from the battery throughboth the armature and the field windings of the electrodynamic machine60 in a given direction.

This will then act as a motor and will drive the engine 20 through itsmechanical connection therewith. The engine will draw in an explosivemixture which, will be ignited by the spark mechanism previouslydescribed, and this mechanism and the engine.

will now be connected with the battery 160 through the spark coil in thefollowing manner: When the left-hand side of reversing switch 150 isclosed, the contact 157 on the tilting arm 153 which is connected withthe upper terminal of the battery, is

moved down against contact 158 which is connected by a conductor 163with the spark coil 16s, the otherside of which is connected byconductor 165 with the contact points oi the spark mechanisms. Aconductor 166 connects the lower end of battery 160 with the frame oithe engine. The engine will then begin to run itself and will drive thecentrifugal governor 40. The latter will open the throttle valve 30, andas soon as sufficient speed is attained, it will,

push the weighted arm 120" over past its center of gravity, and thiswill in turn close a; circuit through the contacts 128 and anothercircuit through the contacts 129.

The conductor 161 from the lower end of the battery is connected withthe upper contact 128 and the upper contact 129. the contactplate 127 onswitch arm 125 will now bridge the two contacts 129,129. The conductor167 is connected to the lower of these contacts and it will now beconnected with the lower terminal of the battery. A signal lamp 168,situated near the hand-switch, is

also connected with the conductor 167 and by a conductor 169 with theupper terminal of the battery so that this lamp will indicate to theoperator the closing of the.

switch which is controlled by the arm 120. The brush 137 will now beresting upon contact 143 which is .,connected by conductor 143 withthebrake magnet 94, the other end of which is connected with the upper endof the battery by conductor 162. The brake will thereby be released sothat the power racing by the speed governor which is so arranged that ifthe engine attains undue speed it will pull the throttle valve pistonover past its central position and will thereby slow down the engine.The electrodynamic machine which acted as above described, as a moto forstarting the engine,

will now be driven by the engine and will generate current back into thestorage battery 160. It is evident that if the hand controlling switchlever had been moved to the right instead of the left, similaroperations to those above. described would takeplace, but in this casethe right-hand side of the reversing switch 150 would be closed and theconnections would be made to the electrodynamic machine in such a way asto cause it 'to' rotate in the opposite direction. Now, the circuitthrough the spark coil 164 will be closed through contacts 157 and 159,and the contact 154 will be brought down against contact 156 therebyclosing a cirjcuit through conductor 51 through the ing 83. of themagnetic clutch 80.

spark-control magnet. 51, so that the spark will be shifted in theproper direct-ion to increase the speed of the engine. The hand switchbrush 135 will first rest upon one of the contacts 144 which areconnected together, and by conductor 144 with the wind- This will closea circuit through winding 83 as the conduct-or 162 connects the batterywith all of the clutches. The shaft 13 will then be'driven by engine 20through the countershaft and the clutch 80. When the hand-switch ismoved over until brush 135 thereby at a correspondingly higher rate ofspeed. The brush 135 will be moved off from the contact '144 before itreaches contact 145, so that the clutch 80 will become 'denergized asthe clutch 80 becomes ener- 1 Loeares gized. The holding devices whichwere ointed out in connection -with the handswitch willpositively insurethis part of the operation, as the parts are so arranged that thebrushes are moved quickly from one of their operative positions to thenext, re-' gardless of the rate of movement of the hand-lever, andcannot remain in intermediate "positions. Similarly, the brush 135 maybe moved onto contacts 146and 147 to energize clutches 80 and 80consecutively. When the switch is moved into its extreme position thebrush 135 will rest upon contact 148, when it will energize the magnet109 and thereby throw the clutch 100 into operation. This clutch is soarranged that it will directly couple the engine shaft 27 with the powertransmission shaft 13 so that the latter will be driven at the fullspeed of the engine.

15 designates a push-rod which is .connected with the upper end of lever108 and is arranged to push against the end of the piston valve 32 ofthe throttle valve and to move the piston valve into its full openposition, so that when the engine shaft is coupledwith the powertransmission shaft this arrangement will insure the engine beingsupplied with its full fuel capacity. The lost motion provided by theslot 35 in the end of bell-crank lever 36 will allow the pushrod 15 toperform this function without interfering with the action of thegovernor, but the governor connections are still operative so that ifthe engine exceeds its normal speed, the piston valve 32 will be pulledover past its center by the governor to keep the .engine from racin Bymeans of the invention herein disclosed an internal combustion enginemay be readily controlled by a simple manipulation of an electricswitch. By manipulating this 'switchthe engine may be started, stopped,reversed, and its speed controlled in fact the entire action of theengine may be controlled from this'switch through the intermediary ofthe elect-romagneticallv actuated devices which 'I have described. Thediflicult and dangerous practice of starting such an engine by crankingis done away with. The en ine may be started and stopped at will, or itmay be disconnected from the power transmission shaft without venientwhether this be near the, engine or at some remote place. This featurealone is of great value as it greatly enlarges the adaptability of thesystem. No skilled mechanic is needed to perform the simple operationnecessary. This invention, therefore, removes many of the limitationswhich have heretofore been present with this otherwise desirable andeflicient type of motor. For these reasons it is believed that theappended claims should be entitled to a broad interpretation as they areintended to cover ot er constructions and arrangements than those whichhave been descr bed herein merely as an illustration of one manner inwhich my invention may be carried into effect.

The electrodynamic machine is used to generate a supply of electricalener which may then be used to run the electr ynamic machine as'a motorto start the engine and" may also be used to energize the controlcircuits. In this connection itvis to noted that intermediate pilotdevices'such vas the reversing switch and the spark control magnetsareused so-that only a light current need be taken through thecontrolling switch so that the latter may be placed eta-11y desiredremote place and the current readily broken at its contacts. The enginemay be started without a load and its action controlled as may also thedriven mechanism, from a distant point.

- The control system for the engine which is herein disclosed comprisesmeans for starting the engine in e ther direction, governing its speedwhile running, and stopping the engine. When the action of any type ofengine is to be controlled from a distance,

' it is important that all of these functions be under the control ofthe operator.

In a copending application for patent Serial No. 448,905 filed -by Mr.August Sundh and myself; filed on the same date as the presentapplication, the construction of the'controlling switch and itsrelations to the time constant of'the magnetic clutches are set forthmore fully than they are in this case. I A

\Vhat I claim is 1. A reversible internal combustion engine, a sparkingdevice therefor, an electrodynamic machine driven by .the engine andarranged to generate an electrical supply, a storage battery, a singlemanually controlled device for directing said electrical supply tocausesaid supply to energize the electro dynamic machine to start the enginein either" direction and to connect and disconnect said electricalsupply with and from the sparking device.

2. An in ternal combustion engine, an electrodynamic machine connectedtherewith and arranged to generate an electrical supply. a storagebattery, circuits for said electrodynamic machine, a manually operatedswitch for controlling said circuits and causing the electrical supplyto run the electrodynamic machine as a motor until the engine attainsits speed, a spark-advancing mean circuits therefor, an automatic switch1n said clrcuits, and a centrlfugal governor driven by the engine andarranged to controlthe automatic switch to thereby switch.

increase thejspeed of the'engine. 1

3. An internal combustion en ine, a

sparking device therefor, an electr ynamio machine dgiven by the engineand arranged to generate a supply of i'electrical energy, a manuallyoperated switch, and an electrically actuated reversing switchcontrolled thereby and arranged to connect'said battery with theelectrodynarnic 'maohine to cause said supply to run the'electrodynamicmachine in either direction as a motor, said reversing switch being alsoarranged to control the supply to the sparking device.

,4, An internal combustion engine, an electrodynamic machine driventhereby, electromagnetically actuated devices for control-- ling thestarting, stopping and speed of the engine, a manual switch, forcontrolling said devices,and a storage battery arranged to be chargedfrom the electrody-namic machine and to supply current for theelectromag-- netically actuated devices and the manual 5. A reversibleinternal combustion engine, an electrodynamic machine connectedtherewith and arranged to start the engine ineither direction, anelectrical control system for the engine comprising means forcontrolling the speed of the engine, said machine being arranged togenerate an electrical supply for energizing the control system, astorage battery, and means for connecting the battery with theelectrodynamic machine to charge thebattery when said machine is runningin either direction.

6. An internal combustion engine, a sparking device therefbr, anelectrodynamic machine driven by the engine and arranged to generate anelectrical supply, a storage 05 battery arranged to be connected with"the electrodynamic machine, manual means, and

.electromagnetically actuated means controlled thereby for directing theelectrical supply to cause said supply to energize the electrodynamicmachine to Start the engine and to connect and disconnect the batterywith and from the'sparking device. I

7. A reversible internal combustion engine, a sparking device therefor,electromagnetic means energized by a current generated-by the engine forshifting the sparking device in one direction when the engine is runningin one directon, and for shifting thesparking device in the. oppositedirection when the engine is runnmg'in the other directiomand a manualswitch for controlling said electromagnetic means.

8. An internal combustion engine, a

sparking device therefor, an electrodynamic machine connected with theengine, said machine being arranged to start the engine and a togenerate a supply of. electrical energy, electromagnetic means energizedby said supply for shifting the sparking device, an

electroma netically actuated switch for controlling t e 'electrodynamicmachine and said shifting mearm, and arranged to connectand disconnectsaid supply with "and from the sparking device,' .and.a manual switchfor controlling said electromagneticallyfa ctuated"switch.

9. An. internal combustion engine, a

sparking device therefor arranged to be shifted in one direction or theother, an electrodynamic machine connected with the engine, saio.machine being arranged to start the engine and to generate a supply ofelectrical energy, a storage battery, electromagnetic means energized bysaid supply for shifting the sparking device, an electromagneticallyactuated reversing switch arranged to connect said electrical supplywith the electrodynamic machine to cause said supply to run said machinein either direction as a motor, said reversing switch being alsoarranged to control the current sup-' ply to the s arking device and tocontrol the electromagnetic spark-shifting mechanism, and a manuallyoperated switch for controlling saidelectromagnetically actuatedreversing switch.

. 10. An internal combustion engine, a driven member," an intermediatevariable speed power transmission device mechanically driven by theengine, electrical means for connecting said member with the engine-'through said transmission device, and independent electricallycontrolled means for directly connecting said member with the en'- ine.I

g 11. An internal combustion, engine, a driven member, an intermediatevariable speed power transmission device mechanically driven by theengine, means for connecting said member with the engine through saidtransmission device, independcut means for directly connecting saidmember with the engine, andmeans driven by the engine arranged to nerateenergy for actuatingthe transmission device connecting means and saidindependent connecting means. s

12. An internal combustion engine, an electrodynamic machine driventhereby and arranged to generate a supply of electrical energy, adriven-member, an intermediate variable s eed power transmission devicemechanica 1y driven by the engine, and independent means for directlyconnecting said member with the engine, said power transmission deviceand said independent connecti g means being controlled by said electricl supply.

1 3!Aninternal combustion engine, an

.ctrodynamic machine driven thereby and arranged to generate a supply ofelectrical energy, a vdriven member, an intermediate variable speedpower transmission device mechanically driven by the engine, independentmeans and arranged to generate a supply for directly connecting saidmember I with the engine, and electrical means for controlling thepowertransmission device, the independent connecting "means, and forcontrolling the engine. I

14. An internal combustion engine, a driven shaft, an intermediatevariable speed power transmission device mechanically driven by theengine, a plurality of clutches for connecting said shaft with theengine ;through the transmission device, an independent clutch fordirectly connecting said shaft with the engine, and a speed governorcontrolling said independent clutch and the speed of the engine.

15? An internal combustion engine, an

electrodynamic machine connected therewith, a driven shaft, anintermediate variable speed power transmission devicemechanically'driven-by the engine, a plurality of clutches forconnecting said shaft with the engine through the transmissiondevice, anindependent clutch for directly connecting said shaft with theengine,'means for controlling the electrodynamic machine and saidclutches from a distance, and a speed governor controlling saidindependent clutch and the speed of the engine.

16. An internal combustion engine arranged to be run at a constant rateof speed in either direction, a driven shaft, an-1nterv mediate variablespeed power transmission device -mechanically driven by the engine, 1'

a plurality of clutches for connecting said shaft with the enginethrough said trans- IIllSSlO-Il device, an independent electricallycontrolled clutch for directly connecting said shaft with the engine; anelect-rodynami-c machine connected with the engine and arranged to startthe engine and to generate a supply of electrical energy, a storagebattery, and a manual switch arranged to control the engine and saidclutches from a dis- I tance.

17. An internal co bustion engine arranged to be runat a constant rate;of speed in either direction, a driven shaft, an intermediate variablespeed power transmission device mechanically driven by the engine, a

trical energy, a driven member, a brake and to be driven ama therefor,an intermediate {variable speed power transmission device mechanically.

sion mechanism driven by "the engine, =independent means for connectingthe driven member with the engine, and electrical means energized bysaid supply for actuating the brake, the power transmission mechanismand the independent connecting means.

20. An internal combustion engine, an electrodynamic machine connectedtherewith and arranged to generate a supply of electrical energy, adriven shaft, an electromagnetically actuated brake therefor, anintermediate variable speed power transmission device mechanicallydriven by theengine, a plurality of clutches for connecting the drivenshaft with the engine through said transmission device, an independentclutch for directly connecting the driven shaft with the engine, meansenergized bysaid supply for actuating the brake and said clutches, and amanually operated switch for controlling said. electrical means.

21. An internal combustion engine, an electrcdynamic machine connectedtherewith and arranged to start the engine and to gen- 4 erate a supplyof electrical energy, a driven glue shaft, an electromagneticallyactuated brake therefor, an intermediate variable speed powertransmission device mechanically driven by the engine, a plurality ofclutches for connecting the driven shaft with the onthrough saidtransmission device, an independent clutch for directly connecting thedriven (shaft with the engine, means energized by said supply forcontrolling the engine and for actuating the brake and said clutches,and a manually operated switch for cont-rolling said electrical meansfrom a distance.

22. An internal combustion. engine, an

. electrodynamic machine connected therewith,

said machine being arranged to generate a supply of electrical energy, adriven shaft, a power transmission device, electromagnetic clutchesarranged to connect and disconnect said driven shaft with and from theengine, an electrically actuated brake for the driven shaft, saidclutches and brake being actuated by the electrical supply, and anautomatic switch arranged to actuated one ofsaid clutches and to releasethe brake when .the engine has reached a predetermined speed.

23. electrodyn'amic machine connected therewith,

internal combustion engine, an.

An internal combustion engine, an

said machinefbeing arranged to generate a suppty o'felectricalenergy,-a-driven member, a power transmission device, anelectromagnetic, clutch arranged to connect-and'disecnnect said memberwith and from *the *ttdfismission device, an electromagnetica'lly acne.

at'ed brake for the "driven member, said clutch and brakebeing actuatedby-said electrical supply, an automatic switch arranged to throw. in theclutch and to release the brake when the engine has reached apredetermined speed, .and a manually "operated switch 'for controllingthe electrodynamic machine, the clutch, and thebra'he;

24. An internal combustion engine 'arranged to run at a constant-rateofs reads 'electrodynamic machine connected therewith,

said machine being arranged to generate a supply of electrical energy,adriven shaft, a power transmission device,-a plurality jotelectromagnetic clutches arranged to con nect and disconnect the drivenshaft with and from the transmission device and to change 'the' speedthereof, an independent clutch arranged to connect and disconnect thedriven shaft with'and from the engine,

' said clutches'being actuated by theelectrical supply, a manuallyoperated switch having a plurality of operativepositions,andmea nsforholdingthe switch in said positions,'and 45 connections between theswitch and the clutches for controlling the clutches and causing then;to be successively energized.

25. An internal combustion engine arranged to run at a constant rate ofspeed, an electrodynamic machine connected therewith, said machine beingarranged to start the engine and to generate a supply of electricalenergy, a reversing switch for controlling the electrodynamic machine, adrivenshaft, a power transmission device, a plurality "ofelectromagnetic clutches arranged to connect' and disconnect the drivenshaft with and from said transmission device and to change the speedthereof, an independent clutch arranged to connect and disconnect thedriven shaft with and from the engine, anelectromagnetically actuatedbrake, said clutches and brake being actuated by saidelectrical supply;and a manually operated switch having a plurality of operative positionsand means for holding the switch in said'operative positions, saidswitch being arranged to control the reversing switch, the clutches, andthe brake. I

26. An internal combustion engine, a throttle valvetheretor, a driven'member, an intermediate variable speed owe-r t-ransmis sion devicemechanically driven by the-engine, electrical means for connecting saidice tea

member with theengin'ethrough said 't-rahsmission device, andindependent electrically controlled means for directly connecting saidmember with the engine and actuating said throttle valve.

27. An internal combustionx-feligine, pa throttle, valve therefor, .anelectrodynamm machine connected'with the engine, said machine beingarranged to generate'a supply of electrical energy, 'a driven shaftf-atransmission device, a plurality of e 'ectromagnetic clutches arrangedto connect and disconnect the driven shaft with and from. saidtransmission device and. to change the speed thereof, an inde endentclutch far ranged to connect and disconnect; the driven shaft with andfrom the engine, said clutches being actuatedby the electrical supply,and a mechanical connection between said independent clutch and thethrottle valve arranged to open said throttle valve when said shaft isdirectly connected with the engine.

28. An internal combustion engine, a throttle valve therefor, anelectrodynamic machine connected with the engine, said ma chine beingarranged to generate a supply of electrical energy, a driven shaft, apower transmission deviceya plurality of electro-- magnetic clutchesarranged to connect and disconnect the driven shaft with and from saidtransmission device and to change the speed thereof, an independentclutch arranged to connect and disconnect the driven shaft with and fromthe engine, said clutches being actuated by the electrical supply, a

mechanical connection between, said 1nde-- the engine, said machinebeing arranged to start the engine and to generate a supply ofelectrical energy, electromagnetic mechanism energized by said supplyfor shifting the sparking device, a reversing switch arranged to connectsaid-electrical supply with the electrodynamic machine to cause saidsupply to run the electrodynamic machine in either direction as a motor,said reversing switch being also arranged to control the. current supplyto the sparking device and controlling the electromagnetic mechanism; adriven shaft, an intermediate variable speed power transmission devicemechanically driven by the engine, a plurality of electromagneticclutches arranged to connect and disconnect .the driven shaft with andfrom said transmission device and to change the speed thereof, anindependent electromagnetically actuated clutch arranged to connect anddisconnect the driven shaft with and from the engine, an electromagnetically actuated brake for the driven shaft, said clutches and brakebeing actuated by the electrical supply; a manually operated sparkshifting switch having a plurality of operative positionsand means forholding the switch in said operative positions, said switch beingarrranged to control the reversing switch,

the sparkshifting mechanism, and the brake, and to successively energizethe clutches, and a mechanical connection between saidindependentclutch. and the throttle'valve arranged to open said throttle valve whenthe independent clutch is energized.

30. :An internal combustion engine, a power transmission, devicecomprising a plurality of clutches, an electric control sytem for the eninc and the -transmission device, a manua ly operated circuit-closer,circuits therefor, and a speed overnor driven by the engine and arrangeto control said circuits.

' 31. An internal combustion engine, a driven member, an intermediatevariable speed power transmission device mechanically driven by theengine, a control system for the engine and the powr transmissiondevice, a manually operated circuit-closer therefor, and a speedgovernorarranged to prevent the driven.member being connected with theengine until the engine has reached a desired speed.

32. An internal combustion engine, a

sparking mechanism therefor, electromagnetically actuated means forshifting the mechanism to increase the speed of the en'- gine, and aspeed governor arranged to prevent the shifting of the sparkingmechanism until the engine has reached a desired speed.

33. An internal combustion engine, a

driven member driven by the I engine; a sparking mechanism for theengine, electroma netic means for shifting said mechanism to increasethe speed of the engine, a control system for the engine, a manuallyopera-ted circuit-closer for said system, means for revent'ing saiddriving of the driven 'mem er and for preventing the operation of saidelectromagnetic means, and a speed governor arranged to cut out saidpreventmgmeans when the .engine has reached a desired speed. i

34. An internal combustion engine, amember arranged'to be connected withthe englue to be driven thereby, a brake for said member, means torelease the brake, a sparking' mechanism for the engine, electroma neticmeans for shifting said mechanism to increase thespeed of the engine, anelectric control system. for the engine, a manually operatedcircuit-closer for said system, means for preventing said connection ofthe driven member with the engine, the operation of said electromagneticmeans and the operation of said brake releasing means, and. a speedgovernor arranged to cutout said preventing means when the engine hasreached a desired speed.

35. An internal combustion engine, a

driven member, a brake for said member, an

electric control system for the engine, the driven member, and thebfake, a manually operated circuit-closer for said system, and a speedgovernor arranged to prevent the brake being released until the enginehas reached a desired speed.

36. An internal combustion engine, a member arranged to be driventhereby, a clutch for connecting said member with the engine, a controlsystem for the engine and the clutch, a manually operated circuit-closertherefor, and a speed governor arranged to prevent the clutch fromconnecting said member with the engine until the engine as reached adesired speed.

37. An internal combustion engine, a member arranged to be driventhereby, a clutch for connecting said member with the engine, means forincreasing the speed of the engine, a control system for the 'engine andthe clutch, a' manually operated circuit-closer therefor, and a speedgovernor arranged to cause the clutch to connect said member with theengine and to actuate the speed-increasing means when the engine hasreached a desired speed.

38. An internal combustion engine, ameniber arranged to bedriventhereby, a clutch for connecting said member with the engine, a fuelsupply, means for regulating the admission of the fuel to the engine,and a speed governor arranged to prevent said clutch from connectingsaid member with the engine until the engine has reached a desiredspeed, and to open said fuel supply regulating means when the clutch isactuated to connect the member and the clutch together.

39. An internal combustion en ine, a member arranged to be driven therey, a brake for said member, a clutch for connecting said member with theengine, a fuel supply, means for regulating the admission of the fuel tothe engine, and a speed governor arranged to prevent said clutch fromconnecting the member with the engine and the brake being released untilthe engine has reached a desired speed, and to cause the brake torelease and to open said fuel supply regulating means when the clutch isactuated to connect said member andthe engine together.

40. An internal combustion en 'ne, a member arranged to be driven therey, a brake for said member, a clutch for connecting said member with theengine, a sparking mechanism-for the engine, means for shifting thesparking. mechanism to. increase the speed of the engine, a fuel supply,means for regulating the admission of the fuel to the engine, and aspeed governor arranged .to prevent the actuation of the brake, the

clutch, the spark-shifting mechanism, and the full opening of the fuelregulating means until the engine has reached a desired speed.

41. An internal combustion en ine, a member arranged to be driven therey, an electromagnetically actuated brake for said -member, anelectromagnetically actuated clutch for connecting said member With theengine, a sparking mechanism for the engine, electromagnetic means forshifting the sparking mechanism to increase the speed of the engine, afuel supply, means for regulating the admission of the fuelto theengine, an electric control system' for starting the engine and forcontrolling the engine and the driven member, and a speed governorarranged to prevent the actuation of the brake, the clutch, thespark-shifting mechanism, and the full opening of the fuel regulatingmeans until the engine has reached a desired speed, and to cause thebrake to be released, the clutch energized, the sparking mechanismshifted, and the fuel regulating means opened simultaneously.

42. An internal combustion engine, a member arranged to be driventhereby, an electric control system. for the engine and the drivenmechanism, and a single manually operated circuit-closer arranged tocontrol the engine cont-r01 system and to separately control the drivenmechanism.

43. An internal combustion engine, an electrodynamic machine driventhereby and arranged to generate a supply of electrical energy, avariable speed power transmission device comprising a plurality ofelectromagnetic clutches, an electrical control system for the engineand the transmission device, and a manually operated circuitcloserwhereb the engine may be started and controlled and said clutchescontrolled from a distance by the electrical supply.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES O. PEARSON.

Witnesses:

ERNEST W. MARSHALL, ELLA TUOH.

